Kwihutisha imyiteguro ya CAR-T Selire kugira ngo birusheho kunoza umusaruro w'umurwayi
Uburyo bwo kuvura selile za CAR-T, uburyo bushya bwo kuvura Leukemia ya B-cell na lymphoma, birimo gukorerwa ubushakashatsi ku zindi kanseri z'amaraso, ibibyimba bikomeye, n'indwara z'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri. Ariko, kwagura ubu buryo bwo kuvura kugeza ku bimenyetso bishya bitanga imbogamizi mu bijyanye n'ibikoresho, kuko gukora uturemangingo twa CAR-T muri iki gihe bishobora gufata ibyumweru 3-6. Isuzuma riherutse gukorwa muriIndwara y'amaraso ya Lancet iganira ku iterambere ry'ingenzi mu gukora utunyangingo twa CAR-T rigamije kunoza imikorere, kongera ireme ry'utunyangingo, no kwagura uburyo abarwayi bakira.
Ubusanzwe, gutegura uturemangingo twa CAR-T bisaba gukora no kwagura uturemangingo twinshi mu buryo bwa vitro, bishobora gutuma uturemangingo tunanirwa kandi bigatuma tugabanuka mu buryo bwo kuvura. Udushya duherutse kuvugururwa, nko kugabanya uburyo bwo kwagura, uburyo bwo kudakora, no gukora ahantu ho kwita ku bantu, bitanga impinduka zihuse kandi hadakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gukora muri vitro. Ubu buryo, ubu burimo gushyirwa mu bikorwa haba mu magerageza yo kwa muganga no mu bucuruzi. Ibicuruzwa bya CAR-T, bishimangira ikorwa ry'uturemangingo twa CAR-T tudatandukanye cyane kandi tudashobora gucika intege, bigatuma habaho uburyo bwo kuvura bushobora gutanga ingaruka zirambye zo kurwanya ikibyimba.
Isuzuma kandi rigaragaza intambwe yatewe mu guhitamo mbere y’uturemangingo twa T kugira ngo hakorweho uturemangingo tudakenewe cyangwa duhagarika ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri, bikongera ubushobozi bwo kuvura bw’ibicuruzwa bya CAR-T. Uburyo bwo kunoza igihe cyo kuvurwa kwa leukapheresis bushingiye ku bisubizo by’amaraso mbere yo kuvurwa burushaho kunoza imikorere myiza y’umutungo no kuboneka.
Uburyo bwo gutegura CAR-T vuba bumaze kugaragaza umusaruro mwiza. Igeragezwa ryo kwa muganga ryerekana ko igihe gito cyo gukora gishobora gutuma uturemangingo tubasha gukomeza gukora neza no kugira umusaruro mwiza, aho ubushakashatsi bukomeje gusuzuma uburyo bwo gukora vuba cyane buzana uturemangingo twa CAR-T ku barwayi mu gihe cy'umunsi umwe.
Uretse uburyo bwo kugabanya kwaguka, ubuhanga bushya mu ikoranabuhanga ry’uturemangingo burimo kongera imikorere ya CAR-T. Ubuhanga burimo gukoresha utunyangingo duto mu gihe cyo gukora kugira ngo habungabungwe uburyo bwo kwibuka uturemangingo twa T no kwirinda umunaniro. Urugero, utunyangingo twa AKT turimo gushyirwa mu bikorwa bya CAR-T, bigaragaza ko imikorere yabyo irushaho kuba myiza mu miterere ya kanseri y’amaraso mbere yo kuvura. Byongeye kandi, uturemangingo twa CAR-T twakorewe gukora cytokines zitera imbaraga ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri, nka IL-18, tugaragaza ko turi mu rwego rwo kurwanya uturemangingo mu mubiri kandi tugakomeza kwiyongera mu igeragezwa ry’ubuvuzi mu ntangiriro.
Uko icyifuzo cy’ubuvuzi bwa CAR-T kigenda cyiyongera ku isi, izi ntambwe zizana ubushobozi bwo guhindura ubuvuzi bw’abarwayi, bigatuma ubuvuzi bunoze buboneka vuba kandi ku rugero runini.