Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa - Ubuvuzi

Q.
Gutera amaraso n'umusemburo (BMT) ni iki?

A.

Gutera amaraso n'umusemburo w'amagufwa ni uburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura abantu bafite ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa kanseri cyangwa izindi ndwara z'umusemburo w'amagufwa. Mu gutera amaraso n'umusemburo w'amagufwa, uturemangingo dusanzwe tuboneka mu musemburo w'amagufwa turafatwa, tugategurwa hanyuma tugasubizwa umurwayi cyangwa undi muntu. Intego yo gutera amaraso n'umusemburo w'amagufwa ni uguha umuntu uturemangingo tw'umusemburo w'amagufwa dufite ubuzima bwiza nyuma yo gukuraho umusemburo w'amagufwa utameze neza.

Gutera amaraso n'umusemburo w'amagufwa byakoreshejwe neza kuva mu 1968 mu kuvura indwara nka kanseri y'amaraso, kanseri ya kanseri y'amaraso, indwara ya kanseri y'amaraso idafite ubushobozi bwo kuvura indwara, ndetse n'izindi kanseri z'ibibyimba bikomeye.
Q.
Ni iyihe minsi iteganyijwe yo kumara mu bitaro kuri BMT?

A.
Ku bijyanye no gutera umwongo w'amagufwa, biteganyijwe ko uzamara mu bitaro mu gihe cy'ibyumweru 4-6. Ariko, uzasabwa kuguma mu mujyi byibuze amezi 6 kuko nyuma yo gutera umwongo w'amagufwa, ugomba gukurikiranwa kenshi.
Q.
Ni nde ushobora kungukirwa no guterwa amaraso n'umusemburo (BMT)?

A.
Indwara zikurikira ni zo zikunze kugirira akamaro cyane mu gutera amaraso cyangwa umwongo w'amagufwa:

- Leukaemia

- Kubura amaraso menshi mu mubiri (aplastic anemia)

- Lymphoma

- Myeloma nyinshi

- Indwara zo kubura ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri
Q.
Ubuvuzi bwa CAR-T ni iki?

A.
Uburyo bwo kuvura kanseri ya Chimeric antigen T (CAR-T) ni uburyo bushya bwo kuvura kanseri zitandukanye. Igitekerezo ni ugukuraho uturemangingo twa T tw’umurwayi no kuduha ikoranabuhanga rya genetiki kugira ngo tugaragaze uturemangingo twa chimeric antigen (CAR) tumenya antigen yihariye ifitanye isano na kanseri (TAA). Kubera iyo mpamvu, iyo uturemangingo twa T-expressing CAR twongeye gushyirwa mu mubiri w’umurwayi, tuzibasira kandi zigakuraho uturemangingo twa tumor-expressing TAA.
Q.
Ni abahe barwayi bungukira kuri CAR-T?

A.
Igerageza rya CAR-T rigenewe abarwayi ba B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL), B-cell lymphoma na multiple myeloma bongeye kurwara cyangwa banze gukoresha imiti igabanya ubukana.
Q.
Dukwiye kumara igihe kingana iki mu bitaro kugira ngo tugire CAR-T?

A.

Igerageza rya CAR-T rimara ibyumweru bigera kuri 6-8, ibyo bikaba biterwa n'uko buri murwayi amerewe.
Q.
Ni iyihe nzira yo kuvura CAR-T?

A.
Q.
Wakoze CAR-T kangahe?

A.
Kuva mu 2015, twarangije igeragezwa rya CAR-T rigera kuri 300 ku ndwara ya B-ALL yasubiwemo, B-cell lymphoma na multiple myeloma, ibyo bikaba byaratanze umusaruro mwiza. Twasobanuye muri make abarwayi 51 ba mbere, tubisohora mu kinyamakuru cya Leukemia mu 2017.
Q.
Igipimo cy'intsinzi yawe muri CAR-T ni ikihe?

A.
Igipimo cy’igabanuka ry’imyitwarire muri rusange cyari kirenze 90%.
Q.
Ni iyihe nyungu yo guterwa umwongo w'amagufwa (BMT) nyuma ya CAR-T?

A.
Nubwo igipimo cy’ubuvuzi bwa CAR-T cyuzuye (CR) kiri hejuru, haracyari ibyago byo kongera kurwara. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko guhuza BMT na CAR-T na B-ALL bishobora kongera igipimo cy’ubuvuzi bushobora kuvurwa.
Q.
Ni gute nabona gahunda?

A.
Ushobora kubona gahunda binyuze ku bahagarariye amashami mpuzamahanga.
Q.
Ni izihe nyandiko ngomba kuzana?

A.
Ni ingenzi cyane ko mu gihe uri mu rugendo ufite inyandiko zose zikenewe harimo kopi y’inyandiko zose z’ubuvuzi, raporo z’indwara zirimo amabara y’ikirahure n’ibice bya parafini bizakenerwa kugira ngo bisuzumwe, hakorwe amashusho ya CT, MRI, PET-CT scan, uburyo bwo gukoresha amaraso, histochemistry y’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri, isuzuma ry’uturemangingo, n’ibisubizo bya chromosome niba bihari.
Q.
Ni nde uzankorera gahunda zanjye n'igihe nzakorera mu bitaro?

A.
Itsinda ryacu mpuzamahanga rizagutegurira gahunda zo guhura no kugukurikirana mu gihe uri mu bitaro.
Q.
Ni iyihe nzira abarwayi bagomba kugisha inama kwa muganga?

A.
Abakozi bacu b’Ikigo Mpuzamahanga bagamije gutanga uburyo bworoshye bwo kubona no kwita ku barwayi bacu mpuzamahanga. Abakozi bacu bazaboneka kugira ngo bafashe abarwayi bose mu byiciro byose by’ubuvuzi bwabo.
Q.
Ese nshobora kubona raporo y'ikibazo cyanjye nyuma yo kuvurwa?

A.
Yego, nyuma yo kuvurwa, tuzahindura raporo y'urubanza rwawe kandi tuguhe raporo y'urubanza mu Cyongereza no mu Gishinwa kugira ngo ubashe kugarura mu gihugu cyawe.
Q.
Ese hari uzamfasha kujya ku kibuga cy'indege ngarutse mu rugo nyuma yo kuvurwa?

A.
Yego, abakozi bacu b'Ikigo Mpuzamahanga bazagufatira imodoka kandi bagufashe gushyira imizigo yawe mu modoka no kukujyana ku kibuga cy'indege.