Cov Lus Nug Feem Ntau - Kev Kho Mob

Q.
Kev hloov ntshav thiab pob txha (BMT) yog dab tsi?

A.

Kev hloov ntshav thiab pob txha yog ib hom kev kho mob tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg uas muaj qee hom mob qog noj ntshav lossis lwm yam teeb meem ntawm pob txha. Hauv kev hloov ntshav thiab pob txha, cov hlwb uas feem ntau pom muaj nyob hauv pob txha raug coj mus, npaj thiab muab rov qab rau tus neeg mob lossis lwm tus neeg. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev hloov ntshav thiab pob txha yog kom muab cov hlwb pob txha noj qab haus huv rau ib tus neeg tom qab lawv cov hlwb pob txha tsis noj qab haus huv raug tshem tawm.

Txij li xyoo 1968 los, kev hloov ntshav thiab pob txha tau siv tau zoo los kho cov kab mob xws li mob ntshav dawb (leukaemia), mob lymphoma, mob aplastic anaemia, mob tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog (immunodeficiency disorders) thiab qee cov mob qog nqaij hlav.
Q.
Kwv yees li cas yuav tsum nyob hauv tsev kho mob rau BMT?

A.
Rau kev hloov pob txha, kwv yees li ntawm 4-6 lub lis piam yuav tsum nyob hauv tsev kho mob. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum nyob hauv nroog tsawg kawg 6 lub hlis vim tias tom qab BMT yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob ntau zaus.
Q.
Leej twg thiaj li tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev hloov ntshav thiab pob txha (BMT)?

A.
Cov kab mob hauv qab no yog cov feem ntau uas tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev hloov ntshav lossis pob txha:

- Kab mob ntshav dawb (Leukemias)

- Mob ntshav tsis txaus (aplastic anemia) hnyav heev

- Cov qog ntshav dawb (lymphoma)

-Multiple myeloma

- Cov kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog
Q.
Kev kho mob CAR-T yog dab tsi?

A.
Kev kho mob hlwb Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) yog ib txoj kev kho mob tshiab rau ntau yam mob qog noj ntshav. Lub tswv yim yog tshem tawm cov neeg mob cov T cell thiab hloov kho lawv kom qhia tau ib qho chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) uas lees paub ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav (TAA). Yog li ntawd, thaum cov CAR-expressing T-cell rov qab coj mus rau hauv tus neeg mob lub cev, lawv yuav tsom mus rau thiab tshem tawm cov TAA-expressing cell.
Q.
Cov neeg mob twg tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm CAR-T?

A.
Kev sim tshuaj CAR-T yog rau cov neeg mob uas muaj B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL), B-cell lymphoma thiab multiple myeloma uas tau rov qab mob dua lossis tsis kho tau chemotherapy.
Q.
Peb yuav tsum nyob hauv tsev kho mob ntev npaum li cas rau CAR-T?

A.

Kev sim tshuaj CAR-T yuav siv sijhawm li ntawm 6-8 lub lis piam, qhov ntawd nyob ntawm txhua tus neeg mob tus mob.
Q.
Cov txheej txheem kho mob ntawm CAR-T yog dab tsi?

A.
Q.
Koj tau ua CAR-T pes tsawg zaus lawm?

A.
Txij li xyoo 2015 los, peb tau ua tiav li ntawm 300 qhov kev sim tshuaj CAR-T rau cov kab mob B-ALL uas rov qab mob dua, B-cell lymphoma thiab multiple myeloma nrog cov txiaj ntsig zoo heev. Peb tau sau cov ntaub ntawv thawj 51 tus neeg mob thiab luam tawm lawv hauv Journal of Leukemia xyoo 2017.
Q.
Koj qhov kev vam meej ntawm CAR-T yog dab tsi?

A.
Tag nrho cov feem pua ntawm kev zam txim tiav yog ntau dua 90%.
Q.
Qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev hloov pob txha (BMT) tom qab CAR-T yog dab tsi?

A.
Txawm hais tias tus nqi kho mob CAR-T kom zoo tag nrho (CR) siab heev los, tseem muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev rov qab mob dua. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias kev txuas BMT tom qab CAR-T rau B-ALL tuaj yeem ua rau tus nqi kho tau zoo dua.
Q.
Kuv yuav teem caij li cas?

A.
Koj tuaj yeem teem caij sib ntsib los ntawm peb cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub chaw haujlwm thoob ntiaj teb.
Q.
Kuv yuav tsum nqa cov ntaub ntawv twg nrog kuv?

A.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas thaum koj mus ncig teb chaws koj yuav tsum muaj tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb uas muaj nrog koj suav nrog daim ntawv theej ntawm txhua daim ntawv qhia txog kev kho mob, cov ntawv qhia txog kab mob suav nrog cov iav slides thiab cov paraffin blocks uas yuav tsum tau siv rau kev tshuaj xyuas, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev thaij duab ntawm CT, MRI, PET-CT scan, kev kuaj ntshav, kev tiv thaiv kab mob, kev kuaj noob caj noob ces, thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm chromosome yog tias muaj.
Q.
Leej twg yuav yog tus saib xyuas kuv cov sijhawm teem tseg thiab teem sijhawm thaum nyob hauv tsev kho mob?

A.
Peb pab neeg thoob ntiaj teb yuav teem caij thiab teem sijhawm rau koj thaum koj nyob hauv tsev kho mob.
Q.
Cov txheej txheem rau cov neeg mob nrhiav kev pab tswv yim kho mob yog dab tsi?

A.
Peb cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Lub Chaw Kho Mob Thoob Ntiaj Teb lub hom phiaj yog muab kev nkag mus tau yooj yim thiab kev saib xyuas tus kheej rau peb cov neeg mob thoob ntiaj teb. Peb cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav npaj txhij los pab txhua tus neeg mob txhua theem ntawm lawv txoj kev kho mob.
Q.
Kuv puas tuaj yeem tau txais kuv daim ntawv qhia txog rooj plaub tom qab kev kho mob?

A.
Yog, tom qab kho mob tas, peb yuav txhais koj daim ntawv qhia txog koj rooj plaub thiab muab daim ntawv qhia txog koj rooj plaub ua lus Askiv thiab lus Suav rau koj kom koj thiaj li coj rov qab mus rau koj lub tebchaws.
Q.
Puas yuav muaj ib tug neeg pab kuv mus rau tshav dav hlau thaum kuv rov qab los tsev tom qab kho mob lawm?

A.
Yog, peb cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Chaw Thoob Ntiaj Teb yuav book lub tsheb thiab pab koj muab koj lub hnab tso rau hauv lub tsheb thiab coj koj mus rau tshav dav hlau.