Ubuvuzi bwa CAR-T bugaragaza umutekano n'imikorere myiza ku barwayi ba kanseri bafite indwara ziterwa n'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri cyangwa indwara ziterwa n'ububyimbirwe
Mu bushakashatsi buherutse gusohoka mu Indwara ya Lancet Rheumatology, abashakashatsi bo mu kigo cya Dana-Farber Cancer Institute basuzumye umutekano n'ubushobozi bw'ubuvuzi bwa CAR-T cell therapy ku barwayi ba kanseri bafite amateka yo kurwara indwara ziterwa n'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri cyangwa indwara ziterwa n'ububyimbirwe. Ubu bushakashatsi bwasuzumye amakuru yo kuva mu 2017 kugeza 2023, bwarimo abarwayi 604 barwaye lymphoma na Myeloma nyinshi, muri bo 53 bari bafite indwara ziterwa n’ubwiyongere bw’umubiri cyangwa indwara ziterwa n’ububyimbirwe. Izi ndwara zirimo indwara za rubagimpande, aho psoriasis ari yo ikunze kugaragara cyane.
Ubuvuzi bwa selile za CAR-T, cyane cyane CD19 na BCMA, bwagaragaje ko bufite intsinzi itangaje mu kuvura indwara zongeye kugaruka no kutagira icyo zikora. Lymphoma y'uturemangingo twa B, kanseri y'amaraso, na myeloma nyinshi. Ariko, hari impungenge ku bijyanye n'umutekano wayo n'ubushobozi bwayo ku barwayi basanzwe bafite indwara ziterwa n'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri cyangwa indwara ziterwa n'ububyimbirwe, kuko aba barwayi bafite ibyago byinshi byo kugira ingaruka zikomeye nka cytokine release syndrome (CRS) na immuno effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS).
Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko umubare w’abarwayi ba CRS na ICANS barwaye indwara ziterwa n’ubwiyongere bw’umubiri cyangwa indwara ziterwa n’ububyimba wari ungana n’uw’abarwayi badafite izo ndwara. By’umwihariko, umubare w’abarwayi ba CRS ikomeye wari muto cyane, nta tandukaniro rigaragara hagati y’amatsinda yombi. Kuba ICANS yaragaragaye nabyo byari bisa, bigaragaza ko ubuvuzi bwa CAR-T ari bwiza kuri abo barwayi.
Ku bijyanye n'ubushobozi, nta tandukaniro rigaragara mu kubaho kudafite iterambere (PFS) no kubaho muri rusange (OS) ryagaragaye hagati y'ayo matsinda yombi, byemeza kandi ko kuba hariho indwara ziterwa n'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri cyangwa indwara ziterwa n'ububyimbirwe bitagira ingaruka mbi ku buzima. Ubuvuzi bwa kanseri ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi. Igishimishije ni uko ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje iterambere mu mikorere y’indwara ziterwa n’ubwiyongere bw’umubiri nyuma yo kuvurwa. Hagaragaye igabanuka rikomeye mu gukenera imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri, kandi kwiyongera kw’indwara kwari guke mu itsinda ry’abavurwa.
Ubu bushakashatsi butanga ibimenyetso bifatika bishyigikira ikoreshwa rya CAR-T therapy ku barwayi barwaye indwara ziterwa n’ubwiyongere bw’umubiri cyangwa indwara ziterwa n’ububyimbirwe, bigaragaza ko ari amahitamo meza ku barwayi benshi ba kanseri. Ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi bishishikariza izindi nyigo zigamije gusuzuma ibyiza bishobora guterwa na CAR-T therapy muri uyu mubare udasanzwe w’abarwayi.
Uko uburyo bwo kuvura bwa CAR-T bukomeje gutera imbere, ibi bisubizo bitanga icyizere cyo kunoza uburyo bwo kuvura n'umusaruro ku barwayi bafite amateka akomeye y'ubuvuzi.