Unyango lwe-CAR-T lubonisa ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwizigulane zomhlaza ezinezifo ezizikhuselayo okanye ezibangela ukudumba
Kwisifundo esisandula ukupapashwa kwi- I-Lancet Rheumatology, abaphandi abavela kwiDana-Farber Cancer Institute bavavanye ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle konyango lweeseli zeCAR-T kwizigulana ezinomhlaza ezinembali yezifo zokuzikhusela komzimba okanye izifo ezibangelwa kukudumba. Olu phononongo, oluhlolisise idatha ukususela ngo-2017 ukuya ku-2023, luquka izigulana ezingama-604 ezine-lymphoma kunye I-Multiple Myeloma, apho abangama-53 kubo babeneemeko zokuzikhusela komzimba okanye ukudumba. Ezi meko zaziquka izifo zerheumatoid, apho i-psoriasis iyeyona ixhaphakileyo.
Unyango lweeseli ze-CAR-T, olujolise ngokukodwa kwi-CD19 kunye ne-BCMA, lubonakalise impumelelo ephawulekayo ekunyangeni isifo esibuyela umva nesingasasebenziyo. I-B-Cell Lymphoma, i-leukemia, kunye ne-multiple myeloma. Nangona kunjalo, kuye kwavela inkxalabo malunga nokhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kwayo kwizigulane ezinezifo zokuzikhusela komzimba okanye izifo zokudumba, njengoko ezi zigulane zisengozini enkulu yeziphumo ezibi ezifana ne-cytokine release syndrome (CRS) kunye ne-immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS).
Olu phononongo lufumanise ukuba ukwanda kwe-CRS kunye ne-ICANS kwizigulane ezinezifo zokuzikhusela komzimba okanye ezibangelwa kukudumba kufana nokwezigulane ezingenazo ezi meko. Ngokukodwa, amazinga e-CRS enzima ayemancinci, kungekho mahluko ubalulekileyo phakathi kwamaqela amabini. Ukwenzeka kwe-ICANS nako kwakufana, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba unyango lwe-CAR-T lukhuselekile kwezi zigulane.
Ngokuphathelele ukusebenza kakuhle, bekungekho mahluko ubalulekileyo kwi-progressive-free survival (PFS) kunye ne-overall survival (OS) phakathi kwamaqela amabini, nto leyo eqinisekisa ngakumbi ukuba ubukho bezifo ezizikhuselayo okanye ezibangela ukudumba abuyichaphazeli kakubi i- Unyango lomhlaza iziphumo. Okunomdla kukuba, olu phononongo lukwabone ukuphucuka komsebenzi wesifo sokuzikhusela komzimba emva konyango. Kubonwe ukuncipha okukhulu kwimfuno ye-immunosuppressants, kwaye ukuvela kwesifo bekungekho rhoqo kwiqela lonyango.
Olu phononongo lubonelela ngobungqina obuqinileyo obuxhasa ukusetyenziswa konyango lwe-CAR-T kwizigulana ezinezifo zokuzikhusela komzimba okanye izifo zokudumba ngaxeshanye, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba lukhetho olufanelekileyo kuluhlu olubanzi lwezigulana ezinomhlaza. Ezi ziphumo zikhuthaza uphando oluthe kratya ukuba luhlolisise iingenelo ezinokubakho zonyango lwe-CAR-T kweli nani likhethekileyo lezigulana.
Njengoko unyango lwe-CAR-T luqhubeka lutshintsha, ezi ziphumo zinika ithemba lokuphucula iindlela zonyango kunye neziphumo kwizigulana ezinembali yezonyango enzima.