Unyango lwe-Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte (TIL): Indlela ethembisayo yoNyango lweMelanoma

I-Melanoma luhlobo lomhlaza wolusu oluvela kwi-melanocytes, iiseli ezinoxanduva lokuvelisa i-melanin, umbala onika ulusu umbala walo. Ithathwa njengolunye lweentlobo zomhlaza ezihlaselayo ngenxa yokukwazi kwayo ukusasazeka kwezinye iindawo zomzimba ngokukhawuleza. Nangona i-melanoma yesigaba sokuqala inokunyangeka ngempumelelo ngokususwa ngotyando, i-melanoma eqhubele phambili okanye esasazekileyo inika imingeni ebalulekileyo yonyango. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iindlela ezintsha zonyango ziye zavela njengeendlela zonyango ezithembisayo kwiimeko eziphambili. Enye yempumelelo enjalo kunyango lwe-Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte (TIL), olusebenzisa inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ukuba ijolise kwaye itshabalalise iiseli zomhlaza, nto leyo enika ithemba elitsha kwizigulana ezine-melanoma yesigaba sokugqibela.

Unyango lwe-tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) lunyango olutsha olusebenzisa iiseli zomzimba zomzimba ukujolisa nokutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza. Luvele njengonyango oluthembisayo kakhulu lwe-metastatic melanoma, ingakumbi kwizigulana ezingasabeli kakuhle kunyango oluqhelekileyo olufana nezithinteli zokujonga amajoni omzimba okanye unyango olujoliswe kulo.

Indlela yoNyango lwe-TIL

Unyango lwe-TIL lubandakanya ukukhupha ii-T cells kwithumba lesigulana, ukuzikhulisa ngaphandle komzimba, uze uzibuyisele kwisigulana emva kokusebenzisa i-lymphodepleting chemotherapy. Ezi T cells zenzelwe ngokwendalo ukubona nokuhlasela iiseli zethumba, zibonelela ngonyango olujoliswe kakhulu. Nje ukuba zibuyiselwe emzimbeni, zifuna kwaye zitshabalalise iiseli ze-melanoma, zincediswa kukunikwa kwe-interleukin-2 (IL-2), enceda ii-T cells ziphile kwaye zande.

Uphando oluPhambili kunye neZiphumo

UVan den Berg nabanye (2020)benze uphando lwesigaba soku-1/sesibini kwiNetherlands Cancer Institute baza bafumanisa ukuba unyango lwe-TIL lukhokelele kwiimpendulo eziqinileyo nezihlala ixesha elide kwizigulane ezine-metastatic melanoma. Amashumi amahlanu ekhulwini ezigulana zibonise impendulo entle yeklinikhi, ezimbini zifumana ukuphumla okupheleleyo okwathatha iminyaka engaphezu kwesixhenxe. Olu phononongo lubonise ukuba ii-TILs ezityetyisiweyo kwi-neoantigen-specific reactivity zahlala egazini iminyaka emva konyango, nto leyo enegalelo ekulawuleni umhlaza ixesha elide.

UGastman nabanye (2021)benze uvavanyo lwe-DELTA-1, oluvavanye i-ITIL-168, uhlobo lonyango lwe-TIL oluzenzekelayo, kwizigulane ezine-melanoma eqhubele phambili eziye zabuyela umva okanye ezazingavumi unyango lwe-checkpoint inhibitor. Olu phononongo lufumanise ukuba i-ITIL-168 inokubonelela ngonyango olufanelekileyo kwizigulane ezinezinye iindlela ezimbalwa. Olu phononongo olukhulu lwesigaba sesi-2 sehlabathi lubonise iziphumo ezilungileyo, uphando oluqhubekayo lugxile ekuvavanyeni izibonelelo zexesha elide.

URohan nabanye (2018)inike uphononongo olunzulu lonyango lwe-TIL, igxininisa amandla ayo njengonyango oluxabisekileyo lwe-melanoma. Kwanakwimeko yangoku yonyango olujoliswe kuyo kunye nezithinteli zokujonga amajoni omzimba, unyango lwe-TIL luhlala lubalulekile kwaye lusebenza, lubonisa iziphumo eziqinileyo kwizilingo zeklinikhi. Uphononongo lubonise ukubaluleka kweendlela zokunciphisa i-lymphodepleting kunye nokwanda okukhethiweyo kwabemi be-TIL ukuphucula ukusebenza kolu nyango.

Iingenelo kunye neMiyalelo yexesha elizayo

Unyango lwe-TIL lubonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi eziphambili ngaphezu kwezinye iindlela zokwelapha nge-immunotherapy:

• Iimpendulo Ezihlala Ixesha ElideNjengoko kubonisiwe kwizifundo zexesha elide, unyango lwe-TIL lunokubonelela ngokuphumla okuhlala ixesha elide, ngakumbi kwizigulane ezine-melanoma eqhubele phambili ezisele zineenketho ezimbalwa zonyango.
• Ukuzikhusela Okujoliswe Kuko: Ii-TIL zilungele ngokukodwa ukuhlasela iiseli ze-tumor njengoko zivela kwi-tumor yesigulana, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zibe nobuchule obukhethekileyo ekusebenzeni kwazo.
• Ukudibana okunokwenzeka: Unyango lwe-TIL lunamandla okudityaniswa nezinye iindlela zokwelapha izifo okanye unyango olujoliswe kulo, ukuphucula amazinga okuphendula kunye nokwandisa ukusinda ngokubanzi.

Unyango lwe-TIL lubonisa inkqubela phambili ebalulekileyo kunyango lwe-metastatic melanoma, ingakumbi kwizigulana ezingaphenduliyo kwezinye iindlela zonyango. Ngamazinga okuphendula ahlala ixesha elide, olu nyango luthembisa ukuba lunyango oluqhelekileyo kwixesha elizayo. Kufuneka uphando oluqhubekayo ukuze kuphuculwe iindlela zokwandisa i-TIL kwaye kuchongwe awona maqela ezigulane afanelekileyo kolu nyango.