Te Whakaora i te Pūmua-Whakauru (TIL): He Huarahi Whakamiharo mō te Maimoatanga Melanoma

Ko te Melanoma he momo mate pukupuku kiri e ahu mai ana i ngā melanocytes, arā, ngā pūtau e whakaputa ana i te melanin, te tae e hoatu ana i te tae ki te kiri. E kiia ana ko tētahi o ngā momo mate pukupuku tino kaha rawa atu nā tōna kaha ki te horapa tere ki ētahi atu wāhanga o te tinana. Ahakoa he maha ngā wā ka taea te rongoā angitu i te melanoma i te wā tōmua mā te tango pokanga, he nui ngā wero maimoatanga mō te melanoma kua horapa, kua horapa rānei. I ngā tau tata nei, kua puta ake ngā rongoā ārai mate auaha hei kōwhiringa maimoatanga whai hua mō ngā take kua horapa. Ko tētahi o aua putanga ko te rongoā Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte (TIL), e whakamahi ana i te pūnaha ārai mate o te tinana ki te arotahi me te whakangaro i ngā pūtau mate pukupuku, e tuku ana i te tumanako hou mō ngā tūroro e pangia ana e te melanoma i te wā tōmuri.

Ko te rongoā lymphocyte uru-pūnaha (TIL) he rongoā ārai mate auaha e whakamahi ana i ngā pūtau ārai mate o te tinana hei arotahi me te whakangaro i ngā pūtau matepukupuku. Kua puta ake hei rongoā tino whai hua mō te melanoma metastatic, inā koa i roto i ngā tūroro kāore e pai te urupare ki ngā rongoā tuku iho pērā i ngā aukati ārai mate, ngā maimoatanga arotahi rānei.

Tikanga o te Whakaora TIL

Ko te rongoā TIL ko te tango i ngā pūtau-T mai i te pukupuku o te tūroro, te whakawhānui i a rātou ki waho o te tinana, kātahi ka whakauru anō ki roto i te tūroro i muri i te chemotherapy lymphodepleting. Kua rite noa ēnei pūtau-T ki te kite me te whakaeke i ngā pūtau pukupuku, ka whakarato i tētahi maimoatanga tino arotahi. Kia whakaurua anō ki roto i te tinana, ka rapua, ka whakangaromia hoki ngā pūtau melanoma, me te āwhina o te whakahaerenga o te interleukin-2 (IL-2), e āwhina ana i ngā pūtau-T kia ora me te whakanui.

Ngā Rangahau Matua me ngā Kitenga

Van den Berg me ētahi atu (2020)i whakahaerehia he rangahau wāhanga I/II i te Netherlands Cancer Institute, ā, i kitea ko te rongoā TIL i hua ake ai he urupare pakari me te roa i roto i ngā tūroro he mate pukupuku metastatic. E rima tekau ōrau o ngā tūroro i whakaatu i te urupare haumanu pai, ā, e rua i wheako i ngā murunga katoa i roa atu i te whitu tau. I whakaatuhia e te rangahau ko ngā TIL i whakareihia mō te tauhohenga motuhake ki te neoantigen i noho tonu i roto i te toto mō ngā tau i muri i te maimoatanga, e whai wāhi ana ki te whakahaere i te mate pukupuku mō te wā roa.

Gastman me ētahi atu (2021)i whakahaerehia te whakamātautau DELTA-1, i arotake i te ITIL-168, he momo rongoā TIL autologous, i roto i ngā tūroro me te melanoma matatau kua hoki anō ki te mate, kua kore rānei e pai ki te rongoā aukati tirotiro. I kitea e te rangahau ka taea e te ITIL-168 te tuku i tētahi kōwhiringa maimoatanga whai hua mō ngā tūroro he iti noa iho ngā kōwhiringa kē atu. I whakaatuhia e tēnei rangahau wāhanga II nui-tauine ā-ao ngā putanga pai, me te rangahau tonu e arotahi ana ki te aromatawai i ngā painga mō te wā roa.

Rohan me ētahi atu (2018)i whakarato i tētahi arotake hōhonu mō te rongoā TIL, me te whakanui i tōna kaha hei rongoā whai hua mō te melanoma. Ahakoa i roto i te whenua o nāianei o ngā rongoā kua arotahihia me ngā aukati ārai mate, kei te whai tikanga tonu te rongoā TIL, ā, e whakaatu ana i ngā hua pakari i roto i ngā whakamātautau haumanu. I whakanuia e te arotake te hiranga o ngā tikanga lymphodepleting me te whakawhānui whiriwhiri o ngā taupori TIL hei whakarei ake i te whai huatanga o tēnei rongoā.

Ngā Painga me ngā Aronga ā-Mārama

He maha ngā painga matua o te rongoā TIL i runga i ētahi atu rongoā ārai mate:

• Ngā Urupare PūmauE ai ki ngā rangahau roa, ka taea e te rongoā TIL te whakarato i ngā murunga roa, inā koa mō ngā tūroro he melanoma kua pāngia e te mate pukupuku kua horapa, ā, he iti noa iho ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga e toe ana.
• Ārai Mate WhaiaroHe tino pai ngā TIL ki te whakaeke i ngā pūtau pukupuku nā te mea i ahu mai i te pukupuku o te tūroro, ā, he tino motuhake tā rātou mahi.
• Pūmanawa WhakakotahitangaKa taea te whakakotahi i te rongoā TIL me ētahi atu rongoā ārai mate, ngā rongoā arotahi rānei, hei whakapai ake i ngā reiti urupare me te whakaroa i te oranga whānui.

He whanaketanga nui te rongoā TIL i roto i te rongoā i te melanoma metastatic, inā koa mō ngā tūroro kāore e aro ki ētahi atu maimoatanga. Nā te auau urupare pumau me te roa, he pono kei tēnei rongoā ka noho hei rongoā paerewa i roto i ngā rā kei te heke mai. Me haere tonu te rangahau hei whakapai ake i ngā tikanga whakawhānui TIL me te tautuhi i ngā taupori tūroro pai rawa atu mō tēnei rongoā.