Tariro Itsva Mukurapa Gomarara: Kurapa kweTIL Kwabuda Semuganhu Unotevera
Basa rekurapa nemasero riri kuramba richikura, neTIL therapy yava kubuda sekufambira mberi kukuru mu Kurapa KenzaPasinei netariro huru dziripo pakurapa kweCAR-T, simba rayo pagomarara rakasimba, iro rinoumba 90% yegomarara, harina kukwana. Zvisinei, kurapwa kweTIL kwakagadzirira kuchinja nyaya iyoyo.
Kurapa kweTIL kwave kucherechedzwa zvikuru nguva pfupi yadarika apo Lifileucel yaIovance Biotherapeutics yakagamuchira mvumo yeFDA nekukurumidza musi wa16 Kukadzi yekurapa melanoma iyo yafambira mberi mushure mekurapa kwePD-1 antibody. Kubvumidzwa kwaLifileucel kunoiratidza sekurapa kwekutanga kweTIL kusvika pamusika, zvichiratidza danho idzva mukurapa kwemasero rinotarisa pamabundu akaoma.
Nzira Refu Inoenda Kubudiriro
Rwendo rwekurapa kweTIL runosvika makore anopfuura makumi mana. Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs) iboka rakasiyana-siyana remasero ekudzivirira muviri anowanikwa mukati menzvimbo yebundu, kusanganisira T cells, B cells, Nk Cells, macrophages, uye masero ekudzvinyirira anowanikwa mumasero ekenza (myeloid-derived suppressor cells). Masero aya, anowanzo shomeka muhuwandu uye kushanda mukati memamota, anogona kuunganidzwa, kuwedzerwa murabhoritari, uye kudzoserwa mumurwere kuti arwise uye aparadze masero ekenza.
Kusiyana nemasero eCAR-T, maTIL anotorwa zvakananga kubva mubundu, zvichivabvumira kuziva mhando dzakasiyana dzemaantigen ebundu uye zvichipa nzira dziri nani dzekupinda nekuchengetedza. Maitiro aya akaratidza tarisiro, kunyanya mukurapa bundu rakasimba uko CAR-T yanga ichinetseka kufambira mberi.
Kukunda Matambudziko
Lifileucel yakaratidza mhedzisiro inoshamisa yekiriniki, ichipa tariro kune varwere vane melanoma vane sarudzo shoma dzekurapa. Mukuyedzwa kwekiriniki kweC-144-01, kurapwa kwacho kwakawana mhinduro yakananga ye31%, ne42% yevarwere vachiwana mhinduro dzakatora makore anopfuura maviri. Pasinei nekubudirira uku, nzira yekugamuchirwa kwakapararira inosangana nematambudziko makuru.
Matambudziko Emaindasitiri Nekutengeserana
Chimwe chezvinetso zvikuru ndechekuti munhu mumwe nemumwe ane Chigadzirwa cheTilion, iyo inoda nzira yakareba uye yakaoma yekugadzira. Kunyange zvazvo Iovance yakaderedza nguva yekugadzira kusvika pamazuva angangoita makumi maviri nemaviri, kuwedzera kukurumidzira kunodiwa kuti kugutse zvinodiwa nevarwere nekukurumidza. Kambani iyi ine chinangwa chekupfupisa nguva iyi kusvika pamazuva gumi nematanhatu kuburikidza nekufambira mberi kuri kuitwa.
Kutengeserana kunewo zvipingamupinyi. Mutengo wakakwira wekurapa kwakagadzirirwa munhu wega—pari zvino uri pamadhora zviuru mazana mashanu negumi nemashanu ($515,000) eLifileucel, pamwe nemari yekuwedzera yekurapa—zvinotadzisa kugamuchirwa kwemusika weUS nekukurumidza. Kuti makambani asvike pasi rose uye abudirire mune zveupfumi, anofanirwa kurerutsa kugadzirwa uye kuderedza mitengo.
Kurerutsa maitiro ekurapa kuti murwere awedzere ruzivo rwake ndechimwe chinhu chakakosha. Kurapa kweTIL kunosanganisira matanho akawanda, anosanganisira kuunganidzwa kwenyama yegomarara, kuwedzera masero, uye kubviswa kwemasero mumuviri, zvese izvi zvinoda nzvimbo dzekurapa dzakanyatsogadzirwa nevashandi. Kuvaka network yakakura uye inoshanda yekurapa kwakakosha kuti bhizinesi ribudirire.
Remangwana Rechipikirwa
Tichitarisa mberi, kuwedzera kwekurapa kweTIL kune mamwe magomarara akasimba kuchiri chinangwa chikuru. Kunyange hazvo tsvakiridzo iripo iri kutarisa zvakanyanya pa melanoma, kuedza kuri kuitwa kuongorora kushanda kwayo mune mamwe magomarara akadai segomarara remapapu risiri remasero madiki. Kunzwisisa hunhu hwekurapa kweTIL, kusanganisira kuziva kuti ndeapi maT cell anoshanda zvakanyanya uye kugadzira mishonga yekubatanidza, kuchave kwakakosha.
Mishonga inosanganisa TILs nemishonga yechinyakare yakaita sechemotherapy, radiation, immunotherapy, uye majekiseni, inoratidza mukana wekuwedzera mhedzisiro yekurapa uye kuderedza migumisiro yakaipa. Makambani akaita seIovance ari kutoongorora kusanganiswa kwePD-1 inhibitors, nechinangwa chekuvandudza kushanda kweTIL uye mwero wemhinduro kuvarwere.
Sezvo Lifileucel ichivhura nzira yekurapa neTIL, munda wekurapa nemasero uri pamucheto wenguva inochinja-chinja mukurapa bundu rakasimba. Kushanda pamwe chete uye hunyanzvi kubva kumakambani emishonga ndizvo zvichasarudza kuti ndiani anotungamira muganhu mutsva uyu. Tariro inomutswa neTIL therapy inovimbisa kukwezva zviwanikwa zvakawanda nekutarisa, ichitungamira kufambira mberi uye ichipa tariro itsva kuvarwere pasi rese.