He Tumanako Hou mō te Maimoatanga Mate Pukupuku: Ka Puta Mai te Maimoatanga TIL hei Rohe Panuku
Kei te whanake tonu te mara o te whakaora pūtau, ā, kei te puta ake te whakaora TIL hei whanaketanga nui i roto i Te Maimoatanga MatepukupukuAhakoa ngā tumanako nui mō te rongoā CAR-T, he iti noa iho tōna pānga ki ngā pukupuku totoka, e 90% o ngā mate pukupuku. Heoi, kua rite te rongoā TIL ki te huri i taua kōrero.
Nō nā tata nei i nui te aro ki te rongoā TIL i te wā i whiwhi ai a Iovance Biotherapeutics' Lifileucel i te whakaaetanga tere a te FDA mō te rongoā i te melanoma kua ahu whakamua i muri i te rongoā paturopi PD-1. Ko te whakaaetanga a Lifileucel te rongoā TIL tuatahi ki te tae atu ki te mākete, e tohu ana i tētahi wāhanga hou i roto i te rongoā pūtau e arotahi ana ki ngā pukupuku totoka.
He Huarahi Roa ki te Angitu
Neke atu i te whā tekau tau te roa o te haerenga o te rongoā TIL. Ko ngā Lymphocytes Tumor-Infiltrating (TIL) he rōpū kanorau o ngā pūtau ārai mate e kitea ana i roto i te taiao moroiti pukupuku, tae atu ki ngā pūtau T, ngā pūtau B, Pūtau Nkngā pūtau, ngā macrophage, me ngā pūtau pehi i ahu mai i te myeloid. Ka taea te hauhake i ēnei pūtau, he iti noa te maha me te mahi i roto i ngā pukupuku, ka taea te whakawhanui i roto i te taiwhanga, ka whakahokia ki roto i te tūroro hei arotahi me te whakangaro i ngā pūtau matepukupuku.
He rerekē ngā pūtau CAR-T, ka ahu tika mai ngā TIL i te pukupuku, ā, ka taea e rātou te kite i te whānuitanga o ngā antigens pukupuku, ā, ka pai ake te urunga me te haumaru o ngā pūtau. Kua whakaatuhia he pūmanawa i tēnei huarahi, inā koa i roto i te rongoā i ngā pukupuku totoka i ngā wāhi i uaua ai te CAR-T ki te ahu whakamua.
Te Pakaru i ngā Wero
Kua whakaatuhia e Lifileucel ngā hua haumanu whakamiharo, e tuku ana i te tumanako ki ngā tūroro melanoma he iti noa ngā whiringa maimoatanga. I roto i te whakamātautau haumanu C-144-01, i eke te rongoā ki te reiti urupare whāinga o te 31%, me te 42% o ngā tūroro i wheako i ngā urupare e roa ana mō te rua tau. Ahakoa ēnei angitu, kei te anga whakamua ngā arai nui ki te ara ki te whānui o te whakamahinga.
Ngā Wero Ahumahi me te Arumoni
Ko tētahi o ngā wero matua ko te āhua takitahi o te tangata Hua Tilhe mahi hanga roa, he uaua hoki e hiahiatia ana. Ahakoa kua whakaitihia e Iovance te wā hanga ki te 22 rā pea, me tere ake te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o ngā tūroro. Ko te whāinga a te kamupene he whakapoto i tēnei wā ki te 16 rā mā roto i ngā whanaketanga tonu.
He arai anō hoki kei te hokohoko. Ko te utu nui o te rongoā whaiaro—ko te utu i tēnei wā ko te $515,000 mō Lifileucel, me ētahi atu whakapaunga maimoatanga—ka whakawhāiti i te whakamahinga wawe ki te mākete o Amerika. Hei whakatutuki i te whānuitanga o te ao me te whai huatanga ōhanga, me whakahaere e ngā kamupene te whakaputa me te whakaiti i ngā utu.
Ko tētahi atu mea nui ko te whakangāwari i te tukanga maimoatanga hei whakarei ake i te wheako o te tūroro. He maha ngā mahi a te rongoā TIL, tae atu ki te kohikohi kiko pukupuku, te whakawhānui pūtau, me te lymphodepletion, e hiahiatia ana he whare hauora me ngā kaimahi motuhake. He mea nui te hanga i tētahi whatunga maimoatanga whānui me te whai hua mō te angitu arumoni whānui.
He Ao Tūturu o te Kupu Whakaari
I te tirohanga whakamua, ko te whakawhānui ake i te rongoā TIL ki ētahi atu pukupuku totoka tonu te whāinga matua. Ahakoa e aro nui ana ngā rangahau o nāianei ki te melanoma, kei te haere tonu ngā mahi ki te tūhura i tōna whai huatanga i roto i ētahi atu mate pukupuku pērā i te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu ehara i te pūtau iti. He mea nui te mārama ki ngā āhuatanga rerekē o te rongoā TIL, tae atu ki te tautuhi ko ēhea ngā pūtau-T e tino whai hua ana me te whakawhanake i ngā maimoatanga whakakotahi.
Ko ngā maimoatanga whakakotahi, arā, te whakauru i ngā TIL me ngā maimoatanga tuku iho pērā i te chemotherapy, te radiation, ngā immunotherapy, me ngā kano kano, e whakaatu ana i te kaha ki te whakarei ake i ngā putanga maimoatanga me te whakaiti i ngā pānga taha. Kei te rangahau kē ngā kamupene pērā i a Iovance i ngā whakakotahitanga me ngā aukati PD-1, me te whai kia whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te TIL me ngā reiti urupare a ngā tūroro.
I a Lifileucel e whakatakoto ana i te ara mō te rongoā TIL, kei te tata te mara o te rongoā pūtau ki tētahi wā whakarerekētanga i roto i te rongoā pukupuku totoka. Mā ngā mahi tahi me ngā auahatanga a ngā kamupene rongoā ka whakatau ko wai ka ārahi i tēnei rohe hou. Ko te tumanako e whakakāhia ana e te rongoā TIL e oati ana ka kukume mai i ngā rauemi me te aro, ka akiaki i te ahunga whakamua me te tuku tumanako hou ki ngā tūroro puta noa i te ao.