Ci gaba a Tsarin Rarraba Hadarin T-ALL: Rarraba da aka Yi bisa NGS Ya Gano Ƙungiyoyi Masu Haɗari Masu Yawa

A cikin wani bincike na ci gaba da aka buga a cikin Jini, masu bincike sun yi amfani da tsarin tsarawa na gaba (NGS) don inganta rarrabuwar haɗarin cutar sankarar lymphoblastic mai saurin kamuwa da cutar T-cell (T-ALL). Wannan ingantaccen tsarin rarrabuwa yana ba da hanya mafi daidaito don hasashen sakamakon marasa lafiya da kuma gano ƙananan ƙungiyoyi masu haɗari, wanda zai iya buɗe ƙofa ga dabarun magani na musamman.

Binciken, wanda ya haɗa da marasa lafiya manya 198 na T-ALL daga gwajin GRAALL-2003/2005 da kuma marasa lafiya 242 na T-ALL daga gwajin FRALLE2000T, ya yi amfani da jerin kwayoyin halitta guda 72 da aka yi niyya don bincika kwayoyin halitta 72 da ke da alaƙa da cutar kansa. Daga cikin binciken, maye gurbi na NOTCH1 sune suka fi yawa a cikin manya, waɗanda ke cikin kashi 77% na lokuta, sai kuma maye gurbi na CDKN2A (66%) da maye gurbi na PHF6 (50%). Wannan cikakken bayanin kwayoyin halitta ya ba masu binciken damar rarraba marasa lafiya zuwa rukunan masu haɗari da ƙananan haɗari, tare da mahimman tasiri ga hasashensu.

An ƙirƙiro wani sabon tsarin rarrabuwa bisa tushen NGS, wanda ya nuna ƙarfin hasashen yawan sake dawowa, rayuwa gabaɗaya, da rayuwa ba tare da cututtuka ba idan aka kwatanta da hanyoyin da suka gabata. Binciken ya gano marasa lafiya masu ƙarancin haɗari a matsayin waɗanda ke ɗauke da takamaiman maye gurbi (misali, NOTCH1/FBXW7, PHF6, EP300) ba tare da ƙarin canje-canje masu haɗari ba (misali, maye gurbi a cikin hanyar PI3K, TP53, da IDH1/2). Waɗannan marasa lafiya suna da ƙimar sake dawowa ta shekara 5 (CIR) na 21%, yayin da waɗanda ke cikin rukunin masu haɗari masu girma suka fuskanci CIR mafi girma na 47%.

Bugu da ƙari, haɗa abubuwan da aka gano na NGS tare da abubuwan asibiti kamar adadin ƙwayoyin jinin fararen fata (WBC) da ƙananan matakan cututtukan da suka rage (MRD) ya haifar da ingantaccen tsarin haɗari wanda ya rarraba marasa lafiya zuwa ƙungiyoyi uku: masu haɗari mai yawa, masu haɗari mai matsakaici, da kuma masu haɗari mai ƙarancin haɗari. Wannan samfurin ya tabbatar da tasiri sosai wajen bambance marasa lafiya waɗanda za su iya amfana daga jiyya mafi tsauri, musamman waɗanda ke da bayanan kwayoyin halitta masu haɗari.

Binciken da aka gudanar ya nuna yuwuwar NGS wajen inganta hasashen hasashen yanayi da kuma inganta tsarin magani ga manya da yara kanana. Ta hanyar haɗa fahimtar kwayoyin halitta da bayanan asibiti, likitoci za su iya gano marasa lafiya waɗanda za su iya amfana daga sabbin hanyoyin magance matsalolin da aka yi niyya, kamar su hana PI3K da kuma masu hana IDH1/IDH2 da aka zaɓa.

Yayin da binciken ke share hanyar dabarun magani na musamman, haka kumao yana tayar da tambayoyi masu mahimmanci game da amfani da wannan rarrabuwa a cikin kabilu daban-daban da kuma tare da tsarin magani na zamani. Duk da cewa rarrabawa bisa tushen NGS yana da alƙawari, ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike don tabbatar da ingancinsa a tsakanin al'ummomi daban-daban da kuma inganta hanyar magance ƙalubalen, kamar waɗanda ke da T-ALL masu tsauri.