Kufambira Mberi Mumasero Emuurayi Wechisikigo (NK) Kwemakore Anopfuura 50
Kubva pakatanga kuburitswa mishumo yemasero emuurayi emhando ye "lymphocytes" achiratidza kuurayiwa kwemasero emuurayi "zvisiri zvega" muna 1973, kunzwisisa nekukosha kwemasero emuurayi wepanyama (NK) kwachinja zvakanyanya. Muna 1975, Rolf Kiessling nevamwe vake vekuKarolinska Institute vakagadzira izwi rekuti "masero emuurayi wepanyama", vachiratidza kugona kwavo kurwisa masero emuurayi pasina kunzwisiswa nemuviri.
Mumakore makumi mashanu anotevera, marabhoritari akawanda pasi rose akaongorora zvakanyanya Nk Cells in vitro kujekesa basa radzo mukudzivirira hutachiona kubva kumabundu nehutachiona, pamwe nemabasa adzo ekudzora mukati memuviri wemuviri.
Masero eNK: Masero ekutanga eLymphocyte
Masero eNK, nhengo dzekutanga dzinozivikanwa dzemhuri yelymphocyte inozvarwa, dzinodzivirira kubva kumabundu nehutachiona kuburikidza nekushanda zvakananga kwe cytotoxic uye kuburitswa kwema cytokines nema chemokines. Pakutanga ainzi "null cells" nekuda kwekushaikwa kwezviratidzo zvinozivikanwa, kufambira mberi mu single-cell RNA sequencing, flow cytometry, uye mass spectrometry zvakabvumira kupatsanurwa kwakadzama kwe NK cell subtypes.
Gumi Rekutanga (1973-1982): Kuwana Kusvibiswa Kwemasero Asina Kutsanangurwa
Kupera kwema1960 nekutanga kwema1970 kwakaona kuumbwa kweongororo dziri nyore dze in vitro dzekuyera hutachiona hwemasero. Muna 1974, Herberman nevamwe vake vakaratidza kuti ma lymphocyte eropa anobva kuvanhu vane hutano anogona kuuraya masero akasiyana-siyana e lymphoma evanhu. Kiessling, Klein, naWigzell vakatsanangura zvakare kuumbwa kwemasero egomarara nema lymphocyte kubva kumakonzo asina gomarara, vachidana chiitiko ichi kuti "kuuraya kwechisikigo."
Gumi Rechipiri (1983-1992): Kutsanangurwa kweMafungiro uye Kudzivirirwa kweVarwere
Mumakore ekuma1980, pfungwa dzakatanga kutarisisa maitiro emasero eNK, zvichikonzera kuzivikanwa kwemapoka emasero ane mabasa akasiyana. Pakazosvika 1983, masayendisiti akanga awana mapoka akasiyana-siyana emasero eNK evanhu. Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakaratidza basa guru remasero eNK mukudzivirira mavhairasi eherpes, zvakaratidzwa nemurwere ane hutachiona hweherpesvirus hwakakomba nekuda kwekushomeka kwemajini eNK cell.
Gumi Rechitatu (1993-2002): Kunzwisisa MaReceptors neLigands
Kufambira mberi kukuru muma1990 nekutanga kwema2000 kwakaita kuti pave nekuzivikanwa nekuumbwa kwema NK cell receptors nema ligands awo. Zvakawanikwa zvakaita seNKG2D receptor nema ligands ayo anokonzerwa nekushushikana zvakagadzira hwaro hwekunzwisisa nzira dzekuziva "dzakachinja" masero eNK.
Gumi Rechina (2003-2012): NK Cell Memory uye Licensing
Kusiyana nemaonero ekare, zvidzidzo zvemuma2000 zvakaratidza kuti masero eNK anogona kuratidza mhinduro dzakaita sedzekurangarira. Vaongorori vakaratidza kuti masero eNK anogona kubatsira maantigen-specific responses uye kugadzira chimiro che "memory" chakafanana nemasero ekudzivirira muviri anochinjika. Pamusoro pezvo, pfungwa ye "licensing" yemasero eNK yakabuda, ichitsanangura kuti kudyidzana nemamorekuru e-MHC ega kunogona sei kuwedzera kupindura kwemasero eNK.
Gumi Rechishanu (2013-Parizvino): Mashandisirwo Ekurapa Uye Kusiyana-siyana
Mumakore gumi apfuura, kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji kwakakurudzira kutsvagurudza kwemasero eNK. Kuongororwa kwemasero akawanda uye kutevedzana kweRNA yemasero ega kwakaratidza kusiyana kukuru kwemasero eNK. Mukurapa, masero eNK akaratidza tarisiro mukurapa marara eropa, sezvakaratidzwa nekushandiswa kwakabudirira kwemasero eCD19 CAR-NK muvarwere velymphoma muna 2020.
Tarisiro Yeramangwana: Mibvunzo Isina Kupindurwa uye Maonero Matsva
Sezvo tsvakurudzo ichienderera mberi, mibvunzo yakati wandei inonakidza ichiripo. Masero eNK anowana sei ndangariro chaiyo yeantigen? Masero eNK anogona kushandiswa here kudzora zvirwere zve autoimmune? Tingakunda sei matambudziko anokonzerwa nebundu kuti tishandise masero eNK zvinobudirira? Makore makumi mashanu anotevera anovimbisa kuwanikwa kunonakidza uye kusingatarisirwi mu NK cell biology, zvichipa nzira itsva dzekurapa kenza uye Zvirwere Zvinotapukira.