Ibisubizo byiza ku buvuzi bwa CD7 CAR-T mu kuvura Lymphoma ya T-Cell yasubiwemo/isubira inyuma muri ASH 2024
Mu nama ngarukamwaka ya 66 y’Umuryango w’Abanyamerika w’Ubuvuzi bw’Amaraso (ASH) 2024, yabaye kuva ku ya 7 kugeza ku ya 10 Ukuboza i San Diego, Porofeseri Lu Peihua wo mu bitaro bya Lu Daopei yatanze igerageza ry’icyiciro cya mbere ku buvuzi bwa CD7-targeted Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cells (CAR-T) therapy mu kuvura indwara zo mu gice cy’umubiri zisubira inyuma/zisubira inyuma. Lymphoma ya T-cell (R/R PTCL). Iri ni iterambere rikomeye mu kuvura kanseri ya T-cell, aho uburyo bwo kuvura bwabaye buke kandi muri rusange budatanga umusaruro.
R/R PTCL izwiho kuba idafite imiterere myiza, cyane cyane ku barwayi bavuwe mu buryo butandukanye, harimo no gutera uturemangingo tw’amaraso mu maraso (allo-HSCT). Nubwo bimeze bityo, uburyo bwo kuvura CD7 CAR-T, cyane cyane uburyo bwo kuvura uturemangingo twa NS7CAR-T bwakozwe n'itsinda rya Prof. Lu, bwagaragaje umusaruro mwiza mu kuvura abarwayi bafite CD7-positive R/R PTCL. Muri ubu bushakashatsi, abarwayi batanu, bari hagati y'imyaka 39 na 60, bafite ibyiciro bikuru bya R/R PTCL, biyandikishije hagati ya Mata 2021 na Ugushyingo 2023. Aba barwayi bari baravuwe mu buryo bungana n'imirongo itandatu mbere, harimo n'umuntu umwe wagize amateka yo gutera uturemangingo tw’amaraso mu maraso.
Ibisubizo byari bitanga icyizere: mu gihe cyo gukurikirana cy’iminsi 234, 60% by’abarwayi barangije kumererwa neza (CR), naho umurwayi umwe arangiza kumererwa neza (PR). Icy’ingenzi ni uko uburyo bwo kuvura bwagaragaje ko uturemangingo twa CAR-T twagutse cyane kandi ko tudapfa kurwara, aho urwego rw’uturemangingo twa CAR-T rwageze ku rugero rwa 93.5%. Igishimishije ni uko nta ngaruka mbi zikomeye zabayeho nko kugira uburozi mu mitsi, kandi indwara yo gusohora cytokine (CRS) yari yoroheje, aho umurwayi umwe gusa yahuye n’ikibazo cya CRS cyo mu cyiciro cya kabiri. Umutekano warakemutse, nta burozi bukomeye bwagaragaye.
Ubushakashatsi bwa Prof. Lu bwerekana ubushobozi bw'ubuvuzi bwa CD7 CAR-T nk'ikintu cyahinduye imikorere mu kuvura kanseri ya T-cell, cyane cyane ku barwayi bafite uburyo buke bwo kuvura cyangwa badafite ubundi buryo bwo kuvura. Uretse ibisubizo byiza kuri PTCL, itsinda rya Prof. Lu ryageze ku musaruro udasanzwe mu kuvura kanseri ya T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) na T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL), aho hafi 95% by'umubare w'abarwayi 60 barembye. Bitewe n'ibi bisubizo, itsinda ririmo kongera ubushakashatsi bwaryo ku zindi kanseri za kanseri nka kanseri ya myeloid (AML), aho amakuru ya mbere agaragaza ko 70% by'umubare w'abarwayi ba AML bafite CD7.
Nubwo hari ibisubizo byiza, Porofeseri Lu ashimangira akamaro ko guhuza uburyo bwo kuvura CD7 CAR-T na allo-HSCT kugira ngo habeho umusaruro urambye. Ubudasa bw'indwara za kanseri za T-cells busaba ingamba zihamye zo kuvura kugira ngo hongerwe amahirwe yo koroherwa no gukira burundu. Itsinda rikomeje kunoza uburyo bwabo no kwagura ibimenyetso by'ubuvuzi bwa CD7 CAR-T.
Umurimo w’ibanze wa Porofeseri Lu, umaze kuvura abarwayi barenga 300 akoresheje uburyo bwa CD7 CAR-T, ni intambwe ikomeye mu kuvura kanseri ya T-cell. Mu gihe ikipe yiyemeje gukomeza kugerageza no kunoza uburyo bwo kuvura CAR-T cell, kugira ngo abarwayi benshi bungukire kuri ubu buryo bushya.
Iri gerageza ry’icyiciro cya mbere ritanga icyizere muri ASH 2024 rigaragaza ubushobozi bw’ubuvuzi bwa CD7 CAR-T nk’ingamba nshya mu bijyanye na kanseri y’amaraso, ritanga icyizere ku barwayi bafite indwara zitari zisanzwe zidashobora kuvurwa.