Shin Maganin Kwayoyin Halitta Yana Da Makomar Cutar da ke Kan Gaggawa?

Maganin zamani na ciwon daji zai iya taimakawa wajen magance cutar kansa da kuma sake saita tsarin garkuwar jiki don samar da sassauci na dogon lokaci ko ma warkar da wasu cututtuka. Cututtukan da ke da Nauyin Kai.

Maganin ƙwayoyin T na Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) ya bayar da sabuwar hanyar magance cututtukan daji na jini tun daga shekarar 2017, amma akwai alamun farko da ke nuna cewa ana iya sake amfani da waɗannan magungunan rigakafi na ƙwayoyin halitta don cututtukan da ke haifar da ƙwayoyin B.

A watan Satumba na shekarar da ta gabata, masu bincike a Jamus sun ba da rahoton cewa marasa lafiya biyar da ke fama da cutar lupus erythematosus (SLE) da aka yi wa magani da maganin ƙwayoyin CAR T duk sun sami sassauci ba tare da magani ba. A lokacin da aka buga wannan labarin, babu wani majiyyaci da ya sake komawa ciki har tsawon watanni 17 bayan magani. Marubutan sun bayyana canjin ƙwayoyin rigakafi na antinuclear a cikin marasa lafiya biyu waɗanda suka yi dogon bincike, "wanda ke nuna cewa soke ƙwayoyin B-cell na autoimmune na iya haifar da ƙarin gyara na rigakafi," in ji masu binciken.

A wani bincike da aka buga a watan Yuni, masu bincike sun yi amfani da ƙwayoyin CAR-T da aka yi niyya ga CD-19 don magance wani mutum mai shekaru 41 da ke fama da cutar myositis mai ci gaba da kuma cutar huhu ta interstitial. Watanni shida bayan magani, babu alamun myositis a kan MRI kuma hoton CT na ƙirji ya nuna cikakken koma baya na alveolitis.

Tun daga lokacin, kamfanonin fasahar kere-kere guda biyu - Cabaletta Bio a Philadelphia da Kyverna Therapeutics a Emeryville, California - sun riga sun sami sunayen gaggawa daga Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna ta Amurka don maganin ƙwayoyin T na CAR don SLE da lupus nephritis. Bristol-Myers Squibb kuma yana gudanar da gwaji na mataki na 1 ga marasa lafiya da ke fama da SLE mai tsanani da rashin ƙarfi. Kamfanoni da asibitoci da dama na fasahar kere-kere a China suma suna gudanar da gwaje-gwaje na asibiti don SLE. Amma wannan shine kawai ƙarshen kankara game da magungunan ƙwayoyin halitta don cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da garkuwar jiki, in ji Max Konig, MD, PhD, mataimakin farfesa a fannin likitanci a sashen ilimin rheumatology a Makarantar Magunguna ta Jami'ar Johns Hopkins da ke Baltimore.

"Lokaci ne mai matuƙar ban sha'awa. Ba a taɓa ganin irinsa ba a tarihin garkuwar jiki," in ji shi.

"Sake Sa ...

Magungunan da aka yi niyya ga ƙwayoyin B sun kasance tun farkon shekarun 2000 tare da magunguna kamar rituximab, wani maganin rigakafi na monoclonal wanda ke kai hari ga CD20, wani maganin rigakafi da ke bayyana a saman ƙwayoyin B. Kwayoyin CAR T da ake da su a yanzu suna kai hari ga wani antigen na saman, CD19, kuma magani ne mai ƙarfi. Dukansu suna da tasiri wajen rage ƙwayoyin B a cikin jini, amma waɗannan ƙwayoyin T da aka yi niyya ga CD19 na iya isa ga ƙwayoyin B da ke zaune a cikin kyallen takarda ta yadda magungunan rigakafi ba za su iya ba, in ji Konig.