Ese uburyo bwo kuvura uturemangingo ni bwo hazaza h’indwara ziterwa n’ubwiyongere bw’umubiri?
Uburyo bushya bwo kuvura kanseri bushobora kandi kuvura no gusubiza ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri kugira ngo butange ihumure ry'igihe kirekire cyangwa se bunakize bimwe mu Indwara z'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri.
Uburyo bwo kuvura kanseri y’amaraso mu buryo bwa Chimeric antigen (CAR) bwatanze uburyo bushya bwo kuvura kanseri y’amaraso kuva mu 2017, ariko hari ibimenyetso bya mbere bigaragaza ko ubu buryo bwo kuvura indwara z’umubiri bushobora kongera gukoreshwa mu kuvura indwara ziterwa n’uturemangingo twa B.
Muri Nzeri umwaka ushize, abashakashatsi bo mu Budage bavuze ko abarwayi batanu barwaye indwara ya lupus erythematosus (SLE) yavuwe hakoreshejwe CAR T-cell therapy bose bakize nta miti. Ubwo yasohorwaga, nta murwayi wari wasubira kurwara nyuma y'amezi 17 nyuma yo kuvurwa. Abanditsi bavuze ko seroconversion y'uturemangingo twa antinuclear mu barwayi babiri bakurikiranwe igihe kirekire, "bigaragaza ko gukuraho uturemangingo twa B-cell clones bishobora gutuma habaho gukosora ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri," abashakashatsi bandika.
Mu bundi bushakashatsi bwasohotse muri Kamena, abashakashatsi bakoresheje uturemangingo twa CAR-T twibasiwe na CD-19 kugira ngo bavure umugabo w’imyaka 41 ufite indwara ya refractory antisynthetase syndrome ufite progressive myositis na interstitial hail. Amezi atandatu nyuma yo kuvurwa, nta bimenyetso bya myositis byagaragaye kuri MRI kandi scan ya CT yo mu gituza yagaragaje ko alveolitis yasubiye inyuma burundu.
Kuva icyo gihe, amasosiyete abiri ya biotechnology - Cabaletta Bio i Philadelphia na Kyverna Therapeutics i Emeryville, muri Californiya - yamaze guhabwa amashami yihutishwa n’Ikigo gishinzwe ibiribwa n’imiti muri Amerika ku buvuzi bwa CAR T-cells kuri SLE na lupus nephritis. Bristol-Myers Squibb irimo kandi gukora igerageza ry’icyiciro cya mbere ku barwayi bafite SLE ikomeye kandi idakira. Amasosiyete menshi ya biotechnology n’ibitaro byo mu Bushinwa nabyo birimo gukora igerageza rya SLE. Ariko iki ni cyo gice gito cy’ingenzi ku bijyanye n’ubuvuzi bw’uturemangingo ku ndwara ziterwa n’umubiri, nk’uko byatangajwe na Max Konig, MD, PhD, umwarimu wungirije w’ubuvuzi mu ishami rya rubagimpande muri Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine i Baltimore.
Yagize ati: "Ni igihe gishimishije cyane. Ni ibihe bitarigeze bibaho mu mateka y’ubwirinzi bw’umubiri."
"Gutangiza" Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri
Ubuvuzi bwibasirwa n’uturemangingo twa B bwabayeho kuva mu ntangiriro za 2000 hakoreshejwe imiti nka rituximab, umuti wa monoclonal antibody wibasira CD20, antigen igaragara ku buso bw’uturemangingo twa B. Uturemangingo twa CAR T tuboneka ubu twibasira indi antigen yo ku buso, CD19, kandi ni uburyo bukomeye cyane bwo kuvura. Byombi bigira akamaro mu kugabanya uturemangingo twa B mu maraso, ariko utu turemangingo twa T twibasirwa na CD19 dushobora kugera ku turemangingo twa B twicaye mu ngingo mu buryo ubuvuzi bwa antibody budashobora gukora, nk'uko Konig yasobanuye.