Kodi Mankhwala a Maselo Ndi Tsogolo la Matenda Odziteteza Kuthupi?
Chithandizo chatsopano cha khansa chingathenso kuchiza ndikubwezeretsa chitetezo cha mthupi kuti chikhale bwino kwa nthawi yayitali kapena mwina kuchiritsa ena. Matenda Odziteteza Kuthupi.
Chithandizo cha maselo a T-cell a Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) chapereka njira yatsopano yochizira khansa ya m'magazi kuyambira 2017, koma pali zizindikiro zoyambirira kuti ma immunotherapy a maselo awa akhoza kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pa matenda a autoimmune omwe amayambitsidwa ndi maselo a B.
Mu Seputembala chaka chatha, ofufuza ku Germany adanena kuti odwala asanu omwe ali ndi refractory systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) omwe adalandira chithandizo cha CAR T-cell onse adachira popanda mankhwala. Pa nthawi yofalitsa nkhaniyi, palibe wodwala yemwe adabwereranso kwa miyezi 17 atalandira chithandizo. Olembawo adafotokoza za kusintha kwa ma antibodies a antinuclear mwa odwala awiri omwe adatsatiridwa kwa nthawi yayitali, "kusonyeza kuti kuchotsedwa kwa ma clones a B-cell autoimmune kungayambitse kukonzanso kwakukulu kwa autoimmune immunity," ofufuzawo adalemba.
Mu kafukufuku wina wofalitsidwa mu June, ofufuza adagwiritsa ntchito maselo a CAR-T omwe amathandizidwa ndi CD-19 pochiza mwamuna wazaka 41 yemwe ali ndi matenda a refractory antisynthetase syndrome omwe ali ndi progressive myositis ndi interstitial lung disease. Patatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kuchokera pamene adalandira chithandizo, panalibe zizindikiro za myositis pa MRI ndipo CT scan pachifuwa inasonyeza kuti alveolitis yabwerera m'mbuyo kwathunthu.
Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, makampani awiri a biotechnology — Cabaletta Bio ku Philadelphia ndi Kyverna Therapeutics ku Emeryville, California — apatsidwa kale maudindo ofulumira kuchokera ku US Food and Drug Administration for CAR T-cell therapy for SLE and lupus nephritis. Bristol-Myers Squibb ikuchitanso mayeso a gawo loyamba mwa odwala omwe ali ndi SLE yovuta komanso yosagwira ntchito. Makampani angapo a biotechnology ndi zipatala ku China akuchitanso mayeso azachipatala a SLE. Koma ichi ndi gawo lokhalo la njira zochiritsira za maselo a matenda odziteteza, anatero Max Konig, MD, PhD, pulofesa wothandizira wa zamankhwala mu gawo la rheumatology ku Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine ku Baltimore.
"Ndi nthawi yosangalatsa kwambiri. Sizinachitikepo m'mbiri ya chitetezo chamthupi," adatero.
"Kubwezeretsanso" kwa Chitetezo cha Mthupi
Mankhwala ochizira matenda a B-cell akhalapo kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2000 ndi mankhwala monga rituximab, mankhwala a monoclonal antibody omwe amachizira CD20, antigen yomwe imaonekera pamwamba pa maselo a B. Maselo a CAR T omwe alipo pano amachizira matenda ena a antigen pamwamba, CD19, ndipo ndi mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri. Onsewa ndi othandiza kwambiri pakuchepetsa maselo a B m'magazi, koma maselo a T ochizira matenda a CD19 amenewa amatha kufikira maselo a B omwe akukhala m'thupi mwanjira yomwe mankhwala a antibody sangachire, Konig anafotokoza.