Ingabe Ukwelashwa Kwamaselula Kuyikusasa Lesifo Esizimele?
Ukwelashwa okusha komdlavuza kungase futhi kukwazi ukwelapha nokuvuselela isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ukuze sinikeze ukuphulukiswa kwesikhathi eside noma mhlawumbe selaphe ezinye izifo. Izifo Zokuzivikela Ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Ukwelashwa kwe-T-cell ye-Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) kuye kwanikeza indlela entsha yokwelapha umdlavuza we-hematologic kusukela ngo-2017, kodwa kunezibonakaliso zokuqala zokuthi lawa ma-immunotherapy eseli angasetshenziswa kabusha ezifweni zokuzivikela komzimba ezibangelwa amaseli e-B.
NgoSepthemba wonyaka odlule, abacwaningi eJalimane babike ukuthi iziguli ezinhlanu ezine-refractory systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) eziphathwe ngokwelashwa nge-CAR T-cell zonke zathola ukuphulukiswa ngaphandle kwemithi. Ngesikhathi sokushicilelwa, azikho iziguli ezaziphinde zabuyela emuva izinyanga ezifika kwezingu-17 ngemuva kokwelashwa. Ababhali bachaze ukuguqulwa kwe-seroconversion kwama-antinuclear antibodies ezigulini ezimbili ngokulandelana okude kakhulu, "okubonisa ukuthi ukuqedwa kwama-clone e-B-cell azimele kungaholela ekulungisweni okubanzi kwe-autoimmune," kubhala abacwaningi.
Kwesinye isifundo esanyatheliswa ngoJuni, abacwaningi basebenzise amaseli e-CAR-T aqondiswe ku-CD-19 ukwelapha indoda eneminyaka engu-41 ubudala ene-refractory antisynthetase syndrome ene-progressive myositis kanye nesifo samaphaphu esingaphakathi kwe-interstitial. Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ngemva kokwelashwa, kwakungekho zimpawu ze-myositis ku-MRI futhi i-chest CT scan yabonisa ukuhlehla okuphelele kwe-alveolitis.
Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, izinkampani ezimbili ze-biotechnology - i-Cabaletta Bio ePhiladelphia kanye ne-Kyverna Therapeutics e-Emeryville, eCalifornia - sezivele zinikezwe izikhundla ezisheshayo ezivela kwi-US Food and Drug Administration yokwelashwa kwe-CAR T-cell kwe-SLE kanye ne-lupus nephritis. IBristol-Myers Squibb nayo iqhuba isivivinyo sesigaba soku-1 ezigulini ezine-SLE enzima, engaphikisi. Izinkampani eziningana ze-biotechnology kanye nezibhedlela eShayina nazo zenza izivivinyo zemitholampilo ze-SLE. Kodwa lokhu kumane nje kuyingcosana yeqhwa mayelana nokwelashwa kwamaseli kwesifo sokuzivikela komzimba, kusho uMax Konig, MD, PhD, uprofesa osizayo wezokwelapha esigabeni se-rheumatology eJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine eBaltimore.
"Yisikhathi esijabulisa kakhulu lesi. Akukaze kwenzeke emlandweni we-autoimmune," ephawula.
"Ukuqalisa kabusha" kweSistimu Yokuzivikela Emzimbeni
Ukwelashwa okuqondiswe kumaseli e-B bekulokhu kukhona kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo-2000 ngemithi efana ne-rituximab, umuthi we-antibody we-monoclonal ohlasela i-CD20, i-antigen ebonakala ebusweni bamaseli e-B. Amaseli e-CAR T atholakalayo njengamanje ahlasela enye i-antigen engaphezulu, i-CD19, futhi ayindlela yokwelapha enamandla kakhulu. Womabili asebenza kahle ekuqedeni amaseli e-B egazini, kodwa la maseli e-T aqondiswe kumaseli e-CD19 aklanywe ngendlela yokuthi ukwelashwa ngamaseli e-antibody akukwazi, kuchaza uKonig.