Daaweynta Unugyada Ma Mustaqbalka Cudurka Is-difaaca Jirka?
Daawaynta kacaanka ah ee kansarka ayaa sidoo kale awood u yeelan karta inay daaweyso oo dib u dejiso nidaamka difaaca jirka si ay u bixiso cafin muddo dheer ah ama xitaa laga yaabo inay daaweyso qaar ka mid ah Cudurrada Is-difaaca.
Daaweynta unugyada T-cell-ka ee Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) ayaa soo bandhigtay hab cusub oo lagu daaweynayo kansarka dhiigga tan iyo 2017, laakiin waxaa jira calaamado hore oo muujinaya in daaweynta difaaca jirka ee unugyada dib loogu isticmaali karo cudurada difaaca jirka ee B-cell-ka dhexdhexaadiya.
Bishii Sebtembar ee sannadkii hore, cilmi-baarayaal ku sugan Jarmalka ayaa sheegay in shan bukaan oo qaba lupus erythematosus oo nidaamsan (SLE) oo lagu daweeyay daaweynta unugyada CAR T dhammaantood ay gaareen cafis la'aan daawo la'aan ah. Markii la daabacayay, ma jirin bukaan soo laabtay ilaa 17 bilood ka dib daaweynta. Qorayaashu waxay ku qeexeen seroconversion ee unugyada difaaca jirka ee ka hortagga nukliyeerka laba bukaan oo leh dabagalka ugu dheer, "taasoo muujinaysa in baabi'inta unugyada unugyada B-ga ee isdifaaca ay horseedi karto sixitaan baahsan oo ku saabsan difaaca jirka," ayay cilmi-baarayaashu qoreen.
Daraasad kale oo la daabacay bishii Juun, cilmi-baarayaashu waxay isticmaaleen unugyada CAR-T ee CD-19 si ay u daaweeyaan nin 41 jir ah oo qaba cudurka 'anti-synthetase syndrome' oo leh cudurka 'myositis' ee sii socda iyo cudurka sambabada ee interstitial. Lix bilood ka dib daaweynta, ma jirin wax calaamado ah oo muujinaya cudurka 'myositis' oo ku yaal MRI, baaritaanka CT-ga ee xabadkana wuxuu muujiyay dib u dhac buuxa oo ku yimid cudurka 'alveolitis'.
Tan iyo markaas, laba shirkadood oo bayotechnoolajiyadda ah - Cabaletta Bio oo ku taal Philadelphia iyo Kyverna Therapeutics oo ku taal Emeryville, California - ayaa horey loogu siiyay magacaabis degdeg ah oo ka timid Maamulka Cuntada iyo Dawooyinka ee Mareykanka ee daaweynta unugyada CAR ee SLE iyo lupus nephritis. Bristol-Myers Squibb ayaa sidoo kale tijaabinaysa marxaladda 1aad ee bukaanada qaba SLE daran oo aan firfircoonayn. Dhowr shirkadood oo bayotechnoolajiyadda ah iyo isbitaallo ku yaal Shiinaha ayaa sidoo kale sameynaya tijaabooyin caafimaad oo loogu talagalay SLE. Laakiin tani waa kaliya cidhifka barafka ee ku saabsan daaweynta unugyada ee cudurrada isdifaaca jirka, ayuu yiri Max Konig, MD, PhD, oo ah kaaliyaha borofisar ku takhasusay daawada qaybta rheumatology ee Jaamacadda Johns Hopkins School of Medicine ee Baltimore.
"Waa waqti aad u xiiso badan. Waa waqti aan hore loo arag taariikhda difaaca jirka," ayuu xusay.
"Dib-u-bilaabid" oo loogu talagalay Nidaamka Difaaca Jirka
Daawaynta bartilmaameedka unugyada B waxay jirtay tan iyo horraantii 2000-meeyadii iyadoo la adeegsanayo daawooyin sida rituximab, oo ah daawo monoclonal antibody ah oo bartilmaameedsanaysa CD20, oo ah antigen laga helo dusha sare ee unugyada B. Unugyada CAR T ee hadda jira waxay bartilmaameedsanayaan antigen kale oo dusha sare ah, CD19, waana daaweyn aad u awood badan. Labaduba waxay waxtar u leeyihiin baabi'inta unugyada B ee dhiigga ku jira, laakiin unugyadan T ee bartilmaameedsan ee CD19-ka ah waxay gaari karaan unugyada B ee ku fadhiya unugyada si ka duwan daaweynta antibody-ga, ayuu sharaxay Konig.