Kev Tshawb Fawb Tshiab hauv Kab Mob Autoimmune Rau Menyuam Yaus: CAR-T Cell Therapy Kho Tau Tus Neeg Mob Lupus
Thaum Lub Rau Hli 2023, Uresa uas muaj 15 xyoo tau txais kev kho mob CAR-T cell ntawm Erlangen University Hospital, uas yog thawj zaug siv txoj kev kho mob tshiab no los txo qhov kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), uas yog ib yam kab mob autoimmune hnyav heev. Ib xyoos tom qab, Uresa xav tias nws noj qab nyob zoo li qub, tsuas yog muaj ob peb yam mob khaub thuas me me xwb.
Uresa yog thawj tus menyuam uas tau kho tus kab mob SLE nrog Kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm Erlangen University's German Center for Immunotherapy (DZI). Kev vam meej ntawm kev kho mob tus kheej no tau luam tawm hauv The Lancet.
Dr. Tobias Krickau, tus kws kho mob pob qij txha menyuam yaus ntawm Erlangen University Hospital's Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, tau piav qhia txog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev siv CAR-T cell los kho Cov Kab Mob AutoimmuneYav tas los, kev kho mob CAR-T tsuas yog tau pom zoo rau qee yam mob qog ntshav uas mob hnyav heev xwb.
Tom qab tag nrho lwm cov tshuaj tsis ua haujlwm tswj Uresa tus kab mob SLE uas zuj zus tuaj, pab pawg tshawb fawb tau ntsib qhov kev txiav txim siab nyuaj: puas yuav tsum siv cov hlwb tiv thaiv kab mob no rau tus menyuam uas muaj kab mob autoimmune? Cov lus teb tsis tau muaj dua li, vim tsis muaj leej twg tau sim kho CAR-T rau cov kab mob autoimmune hauv menyuam yaus ua ntej.
Kev kho mob CAR-T cell suav nrog kev rho tawm qee cov cell tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm tus neeg mob (T cell), muab cov chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) rau hauv chav kuaj mob tshwj xeeb, thiab tom qab ntawd rov muab cov cell uas tau hloov kho no rov qab rau hauv tus neeg mob. Cov cell CAR-T no ncig hauv cov ntshav, tsom mus rau thiab rhuav tshem cov cell B uas ua rau muaj kev phom sij.
Cov tsos mob ntawm Uresa pib thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 2022, suav nrog mob taub hau loj heev, qaug zog, mob pob qij txha thiab mob nqaij, thiab pob khaus ntawm lub ntsej muag - cov cim qhia txog tus kab mob lupus. Txawm tias tau kho mob hnyav heev los, nws tus mob hnyav zuj zus, cuam tshuam rau nws lub raum thiab ua rau muaj teeb meem loj heev.
Thaum pib xyoo 2023, tom qab tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob ntau zaus thiab tau kho mob ntau zaus, suav nrog kev siv tshuaj chemotherapy thiab kev pauv plasma, Uresa tus mob tau poob qis mus txog rau qhov uas nws yuav tsum tau ntxuav ntshav. Nyob ib leeg nrog cov phooj ywg thiab tsev neeg, nws lub neej zoo poob qis heev.
Cov pab pawg kho mob ntawm Erlangen University, coj los ntawm Xibfwb Mackensen, tau pom zoo los tsim thiab siv cov hlwb CAR-T rau Uresa tom qab kev sib tham ntxaws ntxaws. Kev siv kev kho mob CAR-T no tau pib ua raws li txoj cai tshuaj ntawm lub tebchaws Yelemees thiab cov cai siv kev khuv leej.
Qhov kev pab cuam kho mob CAR-T cell ntawm Erlangen, uas coj los ntawm Xibfwb Georg Schett thiab Xibfwb Mackensen, tau kho cov neeg mob uas muaj ntau yam kab mob autoimmune, suav nrog SLE, txij li xyoo 2021. Lawv txoj kev vam meej nrog 15 tus neeg mob tau luam tawm hauv New England Journal of Medicine thaum Lub Ob Hlis 2024, thiab tam sim no lawv tab tom ua qhov kev tshawb fawb CASTLE nrog 24 tus neeg koom nrog, txhua tus qhia txog kev txhim kho zoo.
Txhawm rau npaj rau kev kho mob CAR-T cell, Uresa tau txais kev kho mob chemotherapy tsawg tsawg kom muaj chaw rau cov CAR-T cell hauv nws cov ntshav. Thaum Lub Rau Hli 26, 2023, Uresa tau txais nws cov CAR-T cell uas tsim tshwj xeeb rau nws tus kheej. Los ntawm lub lim tiam thib peb tom qab kev kho mob, nws lub raum ua haujlwm thiab cov tsos mob lupus tau zoo dua, thiab nws cov tsos mob maj mam ploj mus.
Cov txheej txheem kho mob suav nrog kev sib koom tes ua tib zoo kom ntseeg tau tias kev siv tshuaj chemotherapy ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub raum. Uresa tsuas muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim me me xwb thiab tau tawm hauv tsev kho mob rau hnub 11 tom qab kev kho mob.
Thaum kawg ntawm Lub Xya Hli 2023, Uresa rov qab los tsev, ua tiav nws cov kev xeem, thiab teem lub hom phiaj tshiab rau nws lub neej yav tom ntej, suav nrog kev ywj pheej thiab yuav dev. Nws zoo siab heev uas tau rov sib txuas lus nrog cov phooj ywg thiab rov pib lub neej hluas li qub.
Xibfwb Mackensen piav qhia tias Uresa tseem muaj cov qe ntshav CAR-T ntau heev hauv nws cov ntshav, uas txhais tau tias nws xav tau kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob txhua hli kom txog thaum nws cov qe ntshav B rov zoo. Dr. Krickau hais tias kev kho mob Uresa zoo yog vim muaj kev koom tes ntawm ntau yam kev kho mob ntawm German Center for Immunotherapy.
Uresa tsis tas yuav siv tshuaj lossis ntxuav ntshav lawm, thiab nws ob lub raum tau zoo tag nrho lawm. Dr. Krickau thiab nws pab neeg tab tom npaj kev tshawb fawb ntxiv los tshawb nrhiav lub peev xwm ntawm CAR-T cell hauv kev kho lwm yam kab mob autoimmune rau menyuam yaus.
Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb no qhia txog lub peev xwm ntawm kev kho mob CAR-T cell los muab kev zam txim mus sij hawm ntev rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj cov kab mob autoimmune hnyav xws li SLE. Kev vam meej ntawm kev kho mob Uresa qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev cuam tshuam thaum ntxov thiab kev koom tes ntawm ntau yam kev kawm. Xav tau kev tshawb fawb ntxiv kom paub meej txog kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev kho mob CAR-T cell rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj cov kab mob autoimmune.